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Engraved title vignette, and other engravings.

A woodcut depicting an elaborate monstrance, or an ostensorium, somewhat in the shape of a cathedral with a crucefix on top.

A woodcut depicting an elaborate ciborium featuring several decorative spires and a crucifix at the top.

A woodcut depicting Martin Luther, in the garb of an Augustinian monk, debating a gathering of Catholic clergy members, including the Pope, a cardinal, a bishop, and a monk. This woodcut appears on the title page of a popular anonymous account of Luther's debate before the Diet of Worms in 1521.

Single sheet woodcut depicting Pope Leo X on a throne that is about to topple. Behind him are priests and monks and below them a group of Jesuits, who are trying to support the toppling throne. Leo's key, the symbol of the Petrine office is crumbling in the pope's hands. Facing Leo is Martin Luther holding an open Bible. Below him is a group of reformers led by Philipp Melanchthon, each holding a book (Bible). In the center below Leo is Friedrich Staphylus depicted as Judas Iscariot. Staphylus was a student of Philipp Melanchthon's, who rejoined the Catholic Church in 1553.

A woodcut depicting the "Papal Ass," a monster purported to have been pulled from the Tiber in Rome as a portent of the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church.

A woodcut depicting the Monk-Calf of Freyberg, which was born with a tonsure-like irregularity on its head, resembling the common hairstyle of a Catholic monk.

A woodcut depicting a monstrous fish purportedly pulled from the sea in Poland, which had the appearance of a Catholic monk.

An woodcut depicting the conclave of Pope Urban VIII. A group of cardinals sits around a table with the pope at the center, flanked by C. di Fiorenza, Francisco di Barbarini, and Antonio di Barbarini. On the bottom right corner of the table is a roll of paper that reads, "Tutto sta male" ("everything is bad").

A woodcut of a heavily decorated bishop's mitre accompanied by a poem, "The Daughter of Myst'ry, the child of Errour, / Mother of Tyranny, of Wars, of Terrour, / The Idol of Reproach, Rocke of offence / To Iew and Gentile, Source of Indulgence / For all Impieties, and th'usurping Crest / 'Bove Diademes, the State, the Churches Pest / Is now discov'red, and all the world awake, / Makes proud Rome, and th'opprobrious Myter shake."

A woodcut floorplan depicting the building complex in the Vatican where the Papal conclave is held. Buildings in this area include St. Peter's Basilica, the Sistine Chapel, and the Vatican Palace.

A pair of woodcuts with captions depicting the cardinals entering the conclave (top) and two examples (one complete and one with the framing) of the temporary rooms set up to house the cardinals during the conclave (bottom).

A pair of woodcuts with captions depicting the formal procession of food for the Cardinals (top) and the delivery of dishes to the Cardinals (bottom).

A pair of woodcuts with captions depicting the two-day election process by the Cardinals (top) and the initial process of the Cardinals formally recognizing and paying tribute to the new Pope (bottom).

A pair of woodcuts with captions depicting the newly elected Pope being carried from the Sistine Chapel to St. Peter's Basilica (top) and the recognition of the new Pope as he sits upon the High Altar in St. Peter's Basilica (bottom).

A woodcut depicting the newly elected Pope being crowned befored the gathered Cardinals.

The title page of Histoire du concile de Constance : tirée principalement d'auteurs qui ont assisté au concile with a decorative engraving depicting the council in session.

A set of six engravings depicting various examples of separation and reconciliation in the Catholic Church. The upper engravings show the degradation and restoration of a bishop. The middle engravings show the extinguishing of a candle, symbolizing excommunication, and the restoration of the excommunicated person to the church . The lower engravings show a heretic seeking reconciliation and being led to the altar by a bishop.

A pair of engravings depicting a representation of a ballot for a papal election (top) and a design for the structure of the temporary living spaces for Cardinals during the papal conclave (bottom).

A series of six engravings depicting a conclave, the process by which Roman Catholic cardinals elect a new pope. The rules of the conclave, in which the cardinals are locked in seclusion, were established to prevent political interference and long delays. Food was delivered through a window; after three days, they only received one meal a day and after five days, only bread and water.

A series of six engravings depicting the events surrounding election of new pope. He is adored in the Sistine Chapel (top right), he is adored at thealtar of St. Peter (top left), he witnesses the burning of flax, which represents the fleeting nature of earthly glory (middle right), he is crowned (middle left), he receives a Torah scroll from the Jewish people (bottom right) and receives the keys symbolizing the keys to the Kingdom of heaven.