Richard C. Kessler Reformation Collection
The Richard C. Kessler Reformation Collection was established in 1987, when Richard and Martha Kessler donated their private collection of Reformation imprints and manuscripts to Emory University. These materials were combined with Reformation holdings at the Pitts Theology Library, and an effort was launched to enlarge and sustain this collection in the years to come. An advisory committee of Lutheran laypersons and clergy and of Candler School of Theology faculty and administrators oversees the nurture of the collection and its programs. The Reformation Notes newsletter provides semiannual updates on the growth of the collection, and the Reformation Day at Emory program of music and lectures each October celebrates the collection and its contributions to music, history, and theology. In the sixteenth century the social and theological movements of central Europe, known collectively as the Reformation, critically shaped religion, law, education and other institutions in the West, and their long shadow has extended even to the present. The purpose of the Kessler Collection is to document these changes by collecting print and manuscript materials down to 1570 by Martin Luther (1483-1546) and those whom he influenced or engaged in debate. In this way historians and theologians will be able to hear the full range of voices that were raised in this dynamic period. The holdings of the collection now exceed 4,000 items, a mark approximated by only two other libraries in North America; no American library approaches the Kessler Collection's 1,000+ publications by Luther himself.
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The Abbess
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) leading an abbess away. The abbess holds a rosary in her hands and a crosier underneath her arm. In the bottom left-hand corner is an hourglass representing human mortality. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Ecclesiastes 4 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
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The Abbot
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a skeleton dressed as a bishop with a mitre and crosier, and representing death, taking the cloak of an abbot who holds a prayer book. In the tree is an hourglass representing human mortality. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Proverbs 5 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
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The Duke
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) reaching for a duke, while a woman pleads before him over her child. In the upper left-hand corner is an hourglass representing human mortality. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Ezekiel 7 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
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The Bishop
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) taking a bishop by the hand and leading him from his pasture and flock. The Bishop holds a crosier, while an hourglass rests in the bottom left corner. The woodcut is accompanied by verses from Matthew 26 and Mark 14 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
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The Queen
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting Death, wearing a jester's cap and holding an hourglass, seizing a queen while her attendants struggle to free her from his grip. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Isaiah 32 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
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The Empress
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting Death escorting an empress as she and her court enjoy a walk outside the palace, and pointing out a nearby grave to display the limits of the empress' dominion. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Daniel 4 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
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The King
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a king resting at a banquet as a skeleton (= Death) pours him something to drink. The hourglass on the table reminds the viewer of human mortality. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Ecclesiastes 10 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
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The Emperor
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting an emperor listening to the petition of one of his subjects. A skeleton, representing death, holds the crown on the emperor’s head, as the emperor holds a broken sword. An orb, a scepter, and an hourglass sit on the ground at his feet. The emperor is also wearing the collar of the Order of the Golden Fleece. The woodcut is accompanied by verses from Isaiah 38 and 22 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
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The Pope
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting the Pope wearing the papal triple tiara, crowns a king (the globus cruciger on the ground before him), as cardinals, bishops, skeletons (representing death; one in cardinal's garb), and two flying demons (one with papal decree in hand) look on. The woodcut is accompanied by verses from Joshua 20 and Psalms 108 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
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Death in the Cemetery
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a band of skeletons playing musical instruments in a cemetery. The woodcut is accompanied by verses from Revelations 8 and Genesis 7 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
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The Consequences of the Fall
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting Adam laboring beside a skeleton (representing Death) while Eve feeds their child in the background. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Genesis 2 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
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Expulsion from the Garden of Eden
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting Adam and Eve being driven from the garden of Eden by an angel. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Genesis 3 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
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The Fall of Adam and Eve
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting Adam and Eve eating from the Tree of Knowledge, thus committing the Original Sin. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Genesis 3 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
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The Creation of Eve
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting God creating Eve from one of Adam's ribs. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Genesis 1-2 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
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Printer's device of Jean Frellon
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut of the printer's device of Jean Frellon appearing on the title page of Les Images de la Mort. The device features a crab holding a moth above the motto: MATVRA. -
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Historiated title page border of Ain lectio[n] wider die Rottengayster, vn[d] wie sich weltlich oberkayt halte[n] sol, : Auss der ersten epistel S. Pauli zuo Timotheo, an freytag nach Oculi
A woodcut border to Luther's Ain lectio[n] wider die Rottengayster, vn[d] wie sich weltlich oberkayt halte[n] sol, : Auss der ersten epistel S. Pauli zuo Timotheo, an freytag nach Oculi printed in 1525. -
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Historiated title page border of Ermanunge zum Fryde auff die zwölff Artickel der Bawrshafft in Schwaben
A woodcut border to Luther's Ermanunge zum Fryde auff die zwölff Artickel der Bawrshafft in Schwaben printed in 1524. The border is composed of a single woodcut depicting an architectural archway supported by Corinthian columns (all), a pair of cherubs holding staves (top corners), and a pair of cherubs holding a medallion with a blank shield (bottom). -
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Historiated title page border of Erklerung wie Carlstat sein ler vonn dem hochwirdigen Sacrament : vnd andere achtet vnnd geachtet haben will
A woodcut border to Luther's Erklerung wie Carlstat sein ler vonn dem hochwirdigen Sacrament : vnd andere achtet vnnd geachtet haben will printed in 1524. The border is composed of a single woodcut and depicts a cherub flanked by two deer (bottom), decorative plants (sides), and a cherub holding a blank shield flanked by two other cherubs (top). -
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Initial Letter A
A woodcut initial letter "A" depicting a trio of figures leaning agains and through the letter. -
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Martinus Luther Sieben Kopff
A woodcut depicting Martin Luther as a seven-headed monster, critiquing his deviation from Catholicism. Each head is labeled (from left to right): Doctor, Martinus, Luther, Ecclesiast, Schwirmer [Schwärmer], Visitieter, and Barrabas. This was a classic piece of Catholic propaganda, portraying Luther not only as a Doctor and Churchman, but as a Turk, a wild enthusiast (Schwarmer) and "Barrabas." -
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Dog and Pig
An ornamental woodcut depicting a dog and a pig nose to nose with the back half of what might be a goat on the left.